Improvement in cotton-gins



2 Snee tsSheet,1v C. G. SARGENT.

COTTON GIN. No. 89,083. Patented Apr. 20, 1869'.

2 SheetsSheet 2-.

G. G. SARGENT.

COTTON GIN.

No. 89,083. Patented Apr. 20, 1869.

Q ,0 '7 i a and 5 a e l J CHARLES e." SARGE'NT, or WnsTronnfnnssncnosnrtns,

v Letters PazmaNa saoss, a a m 2 1 N IMPROYEMENT .IN- COTTOlfi-G-INS.

' The Schedule referred to in these Letters iatent'and making part of the Be it known that I, Gnnnnns G. Snuensr, of West-- ford, in the State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Machines for Ginning Cotton and cleaning fibrous materials from foreign substances, of which the following, with the drawings, is a full description.

Among the kinds of machinery heretofore used there have been cylinders with teeth, set so as to keep the fibrous material upon its surface as much as possible, in combination with a ilntcd revolving guard, or a cylinder with strips of metal lengthwise, ibrrning beating edges, by \vhich'thc seeds, &c., are beaten back while the fibre is seized and torn off.

These revolving beating edges knock back the seeds and burrs with more or less of the fibre still adhering, and they are again caught and brought up to the heater and again heat back, till all the fibre is taken In eleaningcotton from its seeds only, this will answer tolerably well, but in cleaning fibre from veget. ble burrs and other matters, which are themselves fibrous, the constant beating opens these foreign matters, so that eventually they are to some extent drawn out-and passed through with the fibre, and so into the fabric.

My invention is mainly intended to obviate this difficulty.

In the drawings- Figuresl and 2 are right and left elevations.

Figures 3 and 4 are sectional and front elevations.

Figure 5 is a top view of guard-plate and cleaningcylinder.

Figure 6 is a section of revolving guard, guard-plate, and part of surface of cleaning-cylinder.

A A is the frame, of which a. a are connecting-crossbars.

B is the hopper.

b b are grate-bars, extending down from hopper towards the front of cleaning-cylinder.

G is a driving-wheel, having a crank-handle at 0.

Upon the axis of this wheel is placed the cleaningeyliuder D.

Upon the other end of this axis is a geared wheel, 41, the teeth of which mesh-into another geared wheel, it, running on a stud attached to the frame A.

The teeth of it mesh into another geared wheel, f, which is placed upon the outer end of the axis of the revolving roller or guard F, placed above the cylinder 1) and revolving in an opposite direction.

E is the blade, or guard-plate, or stationary guard, made of a thin piece of sheet-steel or other metal, and a stout hack, and a straight or serrated edge.

e is a cord, or band, passing round the wheel 0, and as to its under part over a pulley, g, and round a pulley, H, which is hung at 71- upon thc-lowerend efs lever, J, pivoted to the frame at j, and having a slot and set-screw at K, so as to tighten or. loosen the band; i 1

The pulleyy is attached to the outer end of the axis of abrush-cylinder, G, the brushes of whiehimpinge upon the cleaning-cylinder D.

I is an opening in the rear of the machine, and

i, an apron under the brush-cylinder.

L is the wooden covering of the machine, and

l, the wooden sides of the hopper.

The material being thrown into the hopper, and resting on the cleaning-cylinder, the crank-handle is turned, and motion isiniparted to the cleaning-cylinder, and through the spur-wheels to the revolving guard, and through the band to the brush-cylinder.

The teeth of the cleaning-cylinder seizing upon the fibre drag it with its seeds or burrs up to the guardplate.

This will stop all impurities, but will not, of itself, clean the seeds or burrs.

They would remain nearly as the toothed cylinder left them, partially cleaned, and the advancing fibre, seed, 850., would clog the machine.

' But the revolving roller, which is placed on the up-.

per side of the plate, and whose surface-motion is opposite to that of the toothed cylinder, and towards the edge of the plate, acts upon the seeds, 860., to push them back from the blade and turn them over back again upon the cleaning-cylinder, so that its teeth can act upon the fibre on all sides of the seedsorbnrrs,

. cleaning them of their fibre entirely.-

The seeds, buns, &c., when free from the fibre, are passed out in the usual way.

This blade, or guard-plate,- acting in conjunction with the revolving guard-roller, preserves the staple and leaves the fibre in better condition than any other device.

The fibre, passing inward under the plate, is brushed olf the cleaning-cylinder by the brush-cylinder, and is passed out in the usual way. I I now propose 'to describe my peculiar ginning, or cleaning-cylinder and revolving guard-roller.

It has alwaysbeen .diiiicnlt to get the teeth of these cylinders fine enough for the finest material, and when once constructed, there has heretofore been no way of varying their grasping-capacity.

I arrive at the desired end by forcing and packing down, between the rows of teeth, soft wire, which enables me to regulate the depth of the teeth, and also as the teeth wear down to renew them, by turning down or pairing off the soft-wire packing until the teeth are entirely worn out.

In the drawings, m represents the rows of teeth, which, in this case, are out in ahard flattened wire, and then wound round the cylinder and staked down in a spiral groove cut for the purpose in the surface of the cylinder fi'om end to end.

n represents the soft-packing wire, in this case, of copper, which is wound round and firmlypressed in between the rows of teeth.

I thus get a new and better ginning, or cleaningsurface, with a new kind of clothing for my cylinder.

My revolving guard, or roller is made partially elastic.

In this case, it is composed of disks of raw-hide, crowded on to an axis and turned .off to a true surface, which maybe plain or fluted as desired.

The partially elastic surface will act upon the fibre much better than metal.

The old metal blades may be replaced by blades of raw-hide let into the surface of an iron or wooden roller.

Instead of raw-hide, leather or vulcanized rubber may be used.

In' speaking of toothed cylinders, I do not use or refer to card-clothed or card-toothed cylinders, but those.

whose teeth have backs essentially concentric with the surface, and present a floating-table for the seeds or burrs to rest upon as the fibre is disengaged.

What I claim, is-

1. The guard-plate and guard-roller, arranged substantially as described, in con'ibination with the cleaning-cylinder, when constructed as to its surface, substantially in the manner set forth.

2. The ginning or eleauing-cylimler, having its surface constructed substantially as described, in combination with a guard-plate or roller for retarding or knocking off seeds or burrs for ginning-purposes.

3. A raw-hide or partially elastic surfaced guardroller, arranged to operate in combination with a cleaning-cylinder in a machine for cleaning fibre, when the surfaces of the two revolve one with and the other against the feeding-direction of the fibre, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto "subscribed my name.

CHAS. G. SARGEN T.

Witnesses:

A. B. ELY, W. "M. PARKER. 

